SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE STUDY: ENERGY EFFICIENT HETEROGENEOUS AND HYBRID LEACH VARIANTS OF ROUTING PROTOCOL

O. Yerima, L.I. Oborkhale, C.K. Okoro, K.O. Odo, E.U. Udo

Abstract


In the realm of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), energy efficiency stands as a paramount concern due to the resource-constrained nature of sensor nodes. The Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) routing protocol has emerged as a prominent solution to mitigate energy consumption in WSNs. However, the proliferation of heterogeneous and hybrid network environments necessitates the adaptation and enhancement of routing protocols to accommodate diverse node capabilities and network conditions. This systematic literature review investigates the landscape of energy-efficient variants of the LEACH protocol tailored for heterogeneous and hybrid networks. By synthesizing findings from a comprehensive selection of scholarly articles, conference papers, and technical reports, this review elucidates the design principles, performance metrics, and optimization techniques employed in these variants. Furthermore, it identifies emerging trends, challenges, and opportunities for future research in the domain of energy-efficient routing protocols for WSNs, paving the way for the development of robust and adaptive solutions to sustainably manage energy resources in diverse sensor network deployments.

 

KEYWORDS: Energy efficiency, wireless sensor network, routing protocol, sensor nodes, Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy

 


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References


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